Image copyright Reuters Turkish officials say that nearly 8,000 police officers have been suspended, reportedly on suspicion of having links to the coup attempt at the weekend.
Some 6,000 members of the judiciary and military, including generals, have been detained.
President Recep Tayyip Erdogan vowed to purge state bodies of the "virus" that caused the revolt.
The US Secretary of State, John Kerry, has stressed the importance of democratic rule.
Speaking in Brussels where he has been meeting European foreign ministers, Mr Kerry said the United States stood squarely on the side of the elected leadership in Turkey.
"We will certainly support bringing perpetrators of the coup to justice - but we also caution against a reach that goes well beyond that."
The Turkish government claims cleric Fethullah Gulen was behind the plot.
Mr Gulen lives in the US and strongly denies any involvement.
- What you need to know
- 'What's happening to our country?'
- Who was behind coup attempt?
- Events as they happened
- Coup aftermath in pictures
- Why did Turkish coup plot fail?
- Turkish shares down after coup attempt
State media reported on Monday that more than 100 generals and admirals had been detained in raids across the country.
Eight Turkish military officers who fled to Greece by helicopter appeared in court in the Greek border city of Alexandropouli charged with entering the country illegally. Proceedings were adjourned until Thursday.
Turkey has requested their extradition; they have applied for asylum in Greece.
President Erdogan told a crowd on Sunday that Turkey would consider reinstating the death penalty.
Capital punishment was abolished in 2004 as part of Turkey's bid to join the European Union. Nobody has been executed in the country since 1984.
Image copyright APEvents in Turkey - a Nato member and key EU ally - were high on the agenda at the Brussels meeting.
The EU's foreign policy chief, Federica Mogherini, stressed the importance of the rule of law prevailing, and said ministers shared concerns about "what is happening in Turkey in these hours" - a reference to the rounding up of suspects.
"We need to respect, have Turkey respect, democracy, human rights and fundamental freedoms," she said.
Turkey has a long-standing application for EU membership and Johannes Hahn is the commissioner in Brussels dealing with it.
He said it appeared the Turkish government had pre-prepared lists of people to arrest before the coup attempt.
But the Turkish government says that the reason it has moved so fast is because it had been gathering evidence of what it calls a "secretive organisation" working within state structures, even before the failed coup.
Are you in Turkey? How has the coup attempt changed the country? Have you been affected by recent events? What are your hopes and fears for the future? You can email haveyoursay@bbc.co.uk with your experiences.
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